Discovery of Hemiscyllium dudgeonae

A new species of walking shark, scientifically named Hemiscyllium dudgeonae, has been discovered in the coral reefs of Milne Bay, Papua New Guinea. Identified in March 2025, this unique shark is capable of moving across reef flats at low tide by using its pectoral fins like legs, a behavior locally referred to as the dog shark or lazy shark. The discovery was confirmed through DNA analysis and distinct visual patterns, distinguishing it from the nine other known species in the Hemiscyllium genus. The research team, led by Christine Dudgeon and Jess Blakeway from the University of the Sunshine Coast, emphasizes that this species is likely the most endangered among its relatives. The shark faces significant environmental threats, including habitat loss from coastal development, the expansion of palm oil plantations, and the ongoing impact of coral bleaching. The researchers advocate for immediate conservation efforts to prevent the local extinction of this biologically significant predator. The identification process involved a specialized capture technique known as the flip and tuck, which allows researchers to safely handle the sharks for study. By comparing the new species' unique spot and dash skin patterns to those of known leopard-like walking sharks, the team established clear morphological differences. This discovery highlights the extraordinary biodiversity of Papua New Guinea while underscoring the fragility of its marine ecosystems. For conservationists and marine biologists, this finding serves as a critical indicator of the urgent need for habitat protection in Milne Bay. The study provides a foundational framework for future monitoring of Hemiscyllium dudgeonae, suggesting that localized protection strategies are essential to preserve this rare species and its unique evolutionary adaptations.